Abstract This article comments on an article by Kouchaki and Smith (see record 2014-01364-010) and explores individuals’ chronotypes and time of day predict their ethicality. The current authors maintain that sleep is governed by two processes: (1) homeostatic processes increase people’s sleep propensity while they are awake, and (2) circadian processes produce cyclical fluctuations in […]
Authored Chapter 6 for Behavioural Public Policy with Cain, D., & Loewenstein, G. How can individuals best be encouraged to take more responsibility for their well-being and their environment or to behave more ethically in their business transactions? Across the world, governments are showing a growing interest in using behavioural economic research to inform the
Abstract Pharmaceutical and medical device companies apply social psychology to influence physicians’ prescribing behavior and decision making. Physicians fail to recognize their vulnerability to commercial influences due to self-serving bias, rationalization, and cognitive dissonance. Professionalism offers little protection; even the most conscious and genuine commitment to ethical behavior cannot eliminate unintentional, subconscious bias. Six principles
Physicians under the influence: Social psychology and industry marketing strategies. Read More »
ABSTRACT Background In 2005, the International Patient Decisions Aid Standards (IPDAS) Collaboration developed quality criteria for patient decisions aids; one of the quality dimensions dealt with disclosure of conflicts of interest (COIs). The purposes of this paper are to review newer evidence on dealing with COI in the development of patient decision aids and to
Disclosing conflicts of interest in patient decision aids. Read More »
Abstract Professionals often face conflicts of interest that give them an incentive to provide biased advice, and disclosure (informing advisees about the conflict) is frequently proposed as a solution to the problem. We present 6 experiments that reveal a previously unrecognized perverse effect of disclosure: Although disclosure can decrease advisees’ trust in the advice, it
The burden of disclosure: Increased compliance with distrusted advice. Read More »
Abstract Conflicts of interest, both financial and nonfinancial, are ubiquitous in medicine, and the most commonly prescribed remedy is disclosure. The Medicare Payment Advisory Commission and the Accountable Care Act impose a range of disclosure requirements for physicians, and almost all medical journals now require authors to disclose conflicts of interest (although these requirements may
The unintended consequences of conflict of interest disclosure. Read More »